Tacatacuru

The Tacatacuru were a Mocama subgroup of the Timucua, inhabiting Cumberland Island in Georgia during the 16th and 17th centuries. They spoke the Mocama dialect and lived alongside other Timucua groups in coastal southeastern Georgia and northern Florida. The Tacatacuru first interacted with Europeans when Jean Ribault's French expedition arrived in 1562, engaging amicably until the Spanish captured Fort Caroline in 1565. Subsequently, they allied with the Spanish, aiding them against other tribes like the Guale.

The Spanish established San Pedro de Mocama mission on Cumberland Island near the Tacatacuru's main village, marking an early and significant mission in Florida. The Tacatacuru leader Don Juan was a key ally to the Spanish, helping suppress revolts until his death in 1602, succeeded by his niece Doña Ana. By the late 17th century, the Tacatacuru faced decline due to diseases and conflicts, leading them to abandon Cumberland Island by 1675 and relocate south, merging with other Timucua groups and losing their distinct identity.