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Rónán mac Colmáin was a King of Leinster in the early seventh century, but there were two individuals with this name active during that time, leading to some confusion. The first Rónán mac Colmáin (died 624) belonged to the Uí Cheinnselaig sept of Sil Chormaic and was the son of Colmán mac Cormaicc. Historian Francis John Byrne believes he was the King of Leinster. His death is recorded in both the Annals of Tigernach and the Annals of Ulster. He had several sons, including Crundmáel Erbuilc (died 656), Blathmac (died 658), and Cummascach, who later became King of Uí Cheinnselaig. After his death, he was succeeded by Crundmáel Bolg Luatha mac Áedo.

The second Rónán mac Colmáin (died 613) was from the Uí Dúnlainge sept and was the son of Colmán Már mac Coirpri. The Annals of Tigernach refer to him as King of Laigin, though some dates for Leinster kings in this period were interpolated. He appears in the Fingal Rónáin saga, where he is portrayed as the father and killer of his son Máel Fothartaig. After Rónán's death, his line became extinct, and subsequent Uí Dúnlainge kings traced their descent from his brother Fáelán mac Colmáin. The saga describes Rónán's marriage to Eithne ingen Chummascaig, who bore him Máelfothartaig, and later to a young woman from Dál nAraide, whose actions led to the tragic events of the story.