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Julius Meier-Graefe (born Julius Lederer) was a pivotal German art historian and critic in the early 20th century, known for his influential role in promoting Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists. Born in 1864 in Breslau, Germany, he adopted the pseudonym Meier-Graefe as part of his professional identity. Initially focusing on Symbolism and Jugendstil movements during his academic studies in Munich and Berlin, he later shifted his attention to French Impressionists, becoming a key figure in introducing their work to Germany.

Meier-Graefe's career included journalism and editing roles, which allowed him to disseminate ideas about modern art. His 1904 book "Entwicklungsgeschichte der modernen Kunst" was groundbreaking, offering one of the first comprehensive introductions to Impressionism in Germany. He authored numerous monographs on artists like Manet, Van Gogh, Cézanne, and Renoir, further solidifying his influence.

In the 1920s, Meier-Graefe moved to Paris, engaging with the German Communist Party and promoting avant-garde movements such as Cubism and Dada. His work continued to evolve, reflecting a deep engagement with modern art and its evolving trends.

Meier-Graefe's contributions were significant but cut short by his death in 1930 in Nice, France. His life and work left an indelible mark on the art world, bridging gaps between artistic movements and fostering appreciation for modern art across Europe.