Equipment codes

An aircraft equipment code describes the communication, navigation, approach aids, and surveillance transponder equipment onboard an aircraft. These codes are used on flight plan forms to assist air traffic controllers (ATC) in managing aircraft operations. On the FAA domestic flight plan form, a single character suffix is added to the aircraft type code in block 3 to represent radio navigation and transponder capabilities. In contrast, the ICAO format uses one or more letters in box 10 to detail individual navigation capabilities and a single letter for the transponder.

The FAA adopted the ICAO equipment code system in 2008 for domestic RNAV flights, while other countries like Canada and Mexico already used ICAO codes. ATC clearances depend on accurate equipment codes, so pilots must file correctly. For example, a VFR aircraft with basic navigation and a transponder would have different codes under each system, reflecting varying levels of detail.

The ICAO system provides more detailed information to controllers, while the FAA system is being phased out. Both systems include codes for transponders (e.g., Mode A, C, S) and ADS-B capabilities, but ICAO offers enhanced surveillance and identification features. The phase-out of FAA codes aligns with global standardization efforts.