Huitzilihuitl

Huitzilihuitl (Nahuatl: "Hummingbird Feather") was the second Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan, ruling in the late 1300s to early 1400s. Born in Tenochtitlan, he was the son of Acamapichtli, the first tlatoani of the Mexica, and Queen Tezcatlan Miyahuatzin. He became king at a young age after his father's death and inherited a city under tribute to Azcapotzalco.

During his reign, Huitzilihuitl focused on alliances with neighboring states and established the Royal Council (Tlatocan) to advise him. He married Ayauhcihuatl, daughter of Tezozómoc, tlatoani of Azcapotzalco, which reduced tribute payments. After her death, he remarried Miahuaxihuitl, with whom he had Moctezuma I, who later became a prominent ruler.

Huitzilihuitl promoted the weaving industry, enabling Tenochtitlan to produce cotton cloth for local and regional use. He attempted but failed to implement a plan to bring potable water to the city due to noble opposition. He also constructed a fort on an island in Lake Texcoco.

In military affairs, Huitzilihuitl supported Azcapotzalco against Texcoco, leading campaigns that expanded Tenochtitlan's influence. His death around 1417 occurred before the end of the war with Azcapotzalco and Texcoco. His successor, Chimalpopoca, continued alliances with Azcapotzalco.

Huitzilihuitl was known for his political skills and military expeditions but faced challenges in implementing reforms. He had multiple wives, including Ayauhcihuatl, Miahuaxihuitl, and others, and his reign marked a period of growth and conflict for Tenochtitlan.