Early bishops of Jerusalem

The text provides a list of bishops of Jerusalem before the Council of Chalcedon (451 AD), highlighting key transitions in their leadership and governance. The early Christian community in Jerusalem, part of the Jewish community, was led by a council of elders, with Eusebius of Caesarea documenting 36 bishops up to 324 AD. The first 15 bishops were Jewish, ending with Judas after the Bar Kokhba revolt (c. 135). Post-revolt, Hadrian renamed the province Syria Palaestina and built Aelia Capitolina, with Gentile bishops appointed under Caesarea's Metropolitan until 325.

Jerusalem gained recognition in Canon VII of the First Council of Nicaea (325), though it wasn't a metropolitan see. Bishops were then appointed by Antioch's Patriarchs until Juvenal became Patriarch around 451. This period ended with a schism as anti-Chalcedonian clergy elected Theodosius, who was exiled in 453.

Key bishops mentioned include Macarius I (314–333) and Cyril I (350–386), reflecting the evolving leadership and transitions in authority.